The term Mathematical problem posing refers to generating new Mathematical problems or the reformulation of given math problems. This study investigates the effect of performing structured and semi-structured problem posing on eighth students’,mathematics performance and reduction of their anxiety. This quantitative study is a semi-empirical research with pretest-posttest design. The experimental and control groups included thirty three female students of Samaneh high school at Birjand city in the academic year of 2020-2021, in term of the convenience sampling. The research instruments were the problem posing performance test and Friedman anxiety questionnaire. These instruments were validated by the mathematics educational experts. The control and experimental groups filled up these tests before and after ten structured and semi-structured problem posing training sessions. The data were analyzed through the covariance test using SPSS software (version 23). The results showed that the math performance of the experimental group was better than control group. In addition, post-test Mathematical anxiety of the experimental group was lower than control group. It seems that students may improve their mathematics learning through structured and semi-structured problem posing activities.